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            "is_estimated": true
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            "checked_at": "2026-05-31 12:17:56",
            "is_estimated": true
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    "rating": {
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        "label": "Healthy",
        "breakdown": [
            {
                "label": "Technical foundation",
                "score": 11,
                "max": 18
            },
            {
                "label": "Authority & trust",
                "score": 18,
                "max": 30
            },
            {
                "label": "Reach & market presence",
                "score": 4,
                "max": 18
            },
            {
                "label": "Search visibility",
                "score": 3,
                "max": 12
            },
            {
                "label": "Engagement & retention",
                "score": 9,
                "max": 10
            },
            {
                "label": "Channels & diversification",
                "score": 5,
                "max": 6
            },
            {
                "label": "Registry stability",
                "score": 4,
                "max": 6
            },
            {
                "label": "Quality system",
                "score": 61,
                "max": 100
            },
            {
                "label": "Reputation system",
                "score": 51,
                "max": 100
            },
            {
                "label": "Safety system",
                "score": 95,
                "max": 100
            },
            {
                "label": "Evidence confidence",
                "score": 56,
                "max": 100
            },
            {
                "label": "External intelligence",
                "score": 24,
                "max": 100
            }
        ],
        "authority_score": 59,
        "quality_score": 61,
        "reputation_score": 51,
        "safety_score": 95,
        "confidence_score": 56,
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        "authority_signals": {
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            "referring_domains": 45,
            "organic_keywords": 110,
            "indexed_pages": 42,
            "monthly_visitors": 616,
            "global_rank": 234,
            "engagement_score": 83,
            "crawl_quality_score": 100,
            "brand_completeness_score": 95,
            "link_diversity_score": 100,
            "technical_reliability_score": 75,
            "whois_score": 69,
            "whois_age_years": 9.1,
            "whois_stability_score": 100,
            "spam_penalty": 0
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        "whois_signals": {
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            "days_to_expiry": 335,
            "days_since_last_registry_update": 110,
            "stability_score": 100,
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            "history_entries": 3,
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    "trust_score": 84,
    "domain_tags": {
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        "primary_tag_score": 88,
        "primary_candidate": "T",
        "primary_candidate_score": 88,
        "tag_codes": "T,Uncertain",
        "tags": [
            {
                "code": "T",
                "label": "Trusted",
                "tone": "good",
                "description": "Strong trust, stability, and low-risk signals were detected.",
                "reason": "Low spam indicators plus strong trust, quality, registry, and stability signals were detected. Showing the stored external intelligence snapshot. New search and review intelligence only runs after a visitor uses Refresh data manually.",
                "message": "The site shows a reasonably trustworthy and stable profile.",
                "priority": 88,
                "score": 88,
                "match_percent": 88,
                "threshold_band": "strong"
            },
            {
                "code": "Uncertain",
                "label": "Uncertain",
                "tone": "unknown",
                "description": "External checks stayed inconclusive, so the model avoided a harder verdict.",
                "reason": "External checks stayed inconclusive, so the system kept an uncertainty buffer.",
                "message": "The evidence is materially mixed or partially corroborated, so the model is avoiding a harder verdict.",
                "priority": 68,
                "score": 68,
                "match_percent": 68,
                "threshold_band": "strong"
            }
        ],
        "tag_breakdown": [
            {
                "code": "T",
                "label": "Trusted",
                "tone": "good",
                "description": "Strong trust, stability, and low-risk signals were detected.",
                "reason": "Low spam indicators plus strong trust, quality, registry, and stability signals were detected. Showing the stored external intelligence snapshot. New search and review intelligence only runs after a visitor uses Refresh data manually.",
                "message": "The site shows a reasonably trustworthy and stable profile.",
                "priority": 88,
                "score": 88,
                "match_percent": 88,
                "threshold_band": "strong"
            },
            {
                "code": "Uncertain",
                "label": "Uncertain",
                "tone": "unknown",
                "description": "External checks stayed inconclusive, so the model avoided a harder verdict.",
                "reason": "External checks stayed inconclusive, so the system kept an uncertainty buffer.",
                "message": "The evidence is materially mixed or partially corroborated, so the model is avoiding a harder verdict.",
                "priority": 68,
                "score": 68,
                "match_percent": 68,
                "threshold_band": "strong"
            },
            {
                "code": "Infra",
                "label": "Risky infrastructure",
                "tone": "caution",
                "description": "The hosting / registrar / nameserver neighbourhood looks unusually risky.",
                "reason": "The infrastructure neighbourhood looks riskier than normal.",
                "message": "Infrastructure risk does not currently stand out.",
                "priority": 2,
                "score": 2,
                "match_percent": 2,
                "threshold_band": "none"
            },
            {
                "code": "C",
                "label": "Caution",
                "tone": "caution",
                "description": "Signals are mixed or weak, so this domain should be treated carefully.",
                "reason": "Review carefully: mixed trust signals. Showing the stored external intelligence snapshot. New search and review intelligence only runs after a visitor uses Refresh data manually.",
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                "score": 0,
                "match_percent": 0,
                "threshold_band": "none"
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            {
                "code": "Crypto",
                "label": "Crypto drainer risk",
                "tone": "toxic",
                "description": "Wallet-connect or seed-phrase theft patterns were detected.",
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                "message": "No meaningful crypto-drainer signals were detected.",
                "priority": 0,
                "score": 0,
                "match_percent": 0,
                "threshold_band": "none"
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        "trust_score": 85,
        "manual": {
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            "status": "fresh",
            "snapshot_version": 5,
            "summary": "Showing the stored external intelligence snapshot. New search and review intelligence only runs after a visitor uses Refresh data manually.",
            "search_intelligence": {
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                    "\"buttondown.email\" wikipedia -site:buttondown.email -site:www.buttondown.email",
                    "\"buttondown.email\" reviews OR complaints -site:buttondown.email -site:www.buttondown.email",
                    "\"buttondown.email\" reputation OR scam OR legit OR safe -site:buttondown.email -site:www.buttondown.email",
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                    "buttondown website -site:buttondown.email -site:www.buttondown.email",
                    "buttondown company -site:buttondown.email -site:www.buttondown.email",
                    "buttondown wikipedia -site:buttondown.email -site:www.buttondown.email",
                    "buttondown reviews -site:buttondown.email -site:www.buttondown.email",
                    "buttondown complaints -site:buttondown.email -site:www.buttondown.email",
                    "buttondown trustpilot -site:buttondown.email -site:www.buttondown.email"
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                "providers": [
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                "provider_result_counts": {
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                "external_results_found": 0,
                "used_direct_fallback": true,
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                        "host": "buttondown.email",
                        "title": "buttondown.email",
                        "snippet": "First-party fallback captured directly from the domain when public search engines returned no usable results.",
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                            "host": "buttondown.email",
                            "source_type": "official_site",
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                                "The result URL contains the exact domain string."
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                "high_entity_result_count": 1,
                "query_hit_count": 1,
                "query_count": 12,
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                        "provider": "direct-domain-fallback",
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                        "host": "buttondown.email",
                        "title": "buttondown.email",
                        "snippet": "First-party fallback captured directly from the domain when public search engines returned no usable results.",
                        "is_direct_fallback": true,
                        "source_meta": {
                            "host": "buttondown.email",
                            "source_type": "official_site",
                            "label": "General web result",
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                        "entity": {
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                            "exactness": "exact_domain",
                            "reasons": [
                                "The result host matches the exact domain.",
                                "The exact domain is mentioned in the page snippet or document text.",
                                "The result URL contains the exact domain string."
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                        "body": "ButtondownFeaturesResourcesPricingLog inBuild your newsletterSign upWhy is running a newsletter so hard?Buttondown is the last email platform you'll switch to.Join your last newsletter platform \"Three years later, I'm still happy with the choice to shift to Buttondown.\"Jeremy Singer-VineCreators just want to reach their audience, but why is that so weird right now? Social platforms come & go. Email providers grow and stop supporting you. Or they’ll shut down, despite the fact that you need your email to work like it’s a utility that you can depend on. Or they’ll hike their fees, forcing you to go through a stressful migration. Or they’ll add dozens of features that you’ll never want to use. Or they’ll just turn flatly evil.This all should theoretically be easy: make something, tell your audience, repeat. And that’s how it usually is – until it’s not. Turns out creating is only hard when other people make it hard.We don’t. We won’t.What if your email provider actually wanted you to succeed, and wasn’t trying to slowly bleed you dry? What if your email provider connected seamlessly to the places where you’re publishing new work, streaming, or just hanging out? What if your email provider didn’t change to support a few rich customers? Or they just stuck around at all?What if you felt good about creating online?That’s where we come in. \"I also frankly appreciated that [Buttondown] was just a newsletter backend service, and wasn't trying to transform itself into a full-on social network or curated feed. I've been around tech long enough to have seen how VC 'growth at all costs' pressure can deform publishing technologies. I didn't want to sign on with a place that was going to pursue that metastatic overgrowth.\"Clive ThompsonThe last email platform you'll migrate to.Focused on your success.We prioritize our product roadmap from our customer feedback, not our own agenda. We use Buttondown for our own mailing lists. And we don’t take fees from your paid subscribers.The power you need.Our automations, personalizations, and editor help you send the right message to the right people. And if you want to try your hand at building your own tools, our API is feature-complete & beloved in the industry.In it for the long haul.As a small, independent business, we want Buttondown to be our life’s work. We have plans in place for the really long term. No, longer than that. Longer.And we're here to help.Powerful for businesses.You need your email to work. Fortunately, Buttondown’s deliverability is among the highest in the industry, and our spam protection is best-in-class. Our robust personalization & automation features allow your email to work for you. Our analytics show you what’s working and how.Got a large team? Invite everybody & collaborate on larger initiatives – with no per-seat charge.Want to extend Buttondown’s functionality? Our API will let you build anything you can dream of.Perfect for creators.No matter if you’re just getting started with a side hobby or you have an audience of millions, Buttondown will meet your needs.Connect your email to tools like Discord, Memberful, YouTube, and more. Skip login & post straight from your own email. Cross-post other platforms to your mailing list, allowing you to write once & publish everywhere. And if you ever need to leave for another platform, we get it – and we’ll make it easy for you.We power single individuals and enterprise-grade businesses without compromising on either. That’s because email, at its core, should be simple. We put lots of effort into the most important parts of your email exp…",
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                        "bucket": "spam",
                        "strength": "medium",
                        "detail": "This source references spam or abuse behaviour.",
                        "source_host": "buttondown.email",
                        "source_title": "buttondown.email",
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                    "official_presence": 0,
                    "business_profiles": 0,
                    "positive_reviews": 0,
                    "negative_reviews": 0,
                    "scam_reports": 0,
                    "dangerous_reports": 0,
                    "spam_reports": 1,
                    "adult_reports": 0
                },
                "tag_support": {
                    "spam": {
                        "hosts": {
                            "buttondown.email": true
                        },
                        "high_trust": 0,
                        "weight": 33.660000000000004,
                        "facts": [
                            {
                                "evidence_type": "spam_report",
                                "direction": "negative",
                                "bucket": "spam",
                                "strength": "medium",
                                "detail": "This source references spam or abuse behaviour.",
                                "source_host": "buttondown.email",
                                "source_title": "buttondown.email",
                                "source_url": "https://buttondown.email/",
                                "source_type": "official_site",
                                "source_trust": 55,
                                "entity_exactness": "exact_domain",
                                "entity_score": 100,
                                "freshness_ttl_days": 21,
                                "captured_at": "2026-03-18T21:14:54+00:00",
                                "effective_weight": 33.660000000000004
                            }
                        ],
                        "host_count": 1,
                        "qualified": false
                    }
                },
                "top_supporting_facts": [
                    {
                        "evidence_type": "spam_report",
                        "direction": "negative",
                        "bucket": "spam",
                        "strength": "medium",
                        "detail": "This source references spam or abuse behaviour.",
                        "source_host": "buttondown.email",
                        "source_title": "buttondown.email",
                        "source_url": "https://buttondown.email/",
                        "source_type": "official_site",
                        "source_trust": 55,
                        "entity_exactness": "exact_domain",
                        "entity_score": 100,
                        "freshness_ttl_days": 21,
                        "captured_at": "2026-03-18T21:14:54+00:00",
                        "effective_weight": 33.660000000000004
                    }
                ],
                "top_positive_facts": []
            },
            "quality": {
                "source_diversity_score": 25,
                "entity_coverage_score": 100,
                "freshness_score": 86,
                "confidence": 30,
                "documents_fetched": 1,
                "external_documents_fetched": 0,
                "fact_count": 1,
                "avg_source_trust": 55,
                "avg_entity_score": 100,
                "fetch_success_rate": 100,
                "exact_match_score": 0,
                "query_coverage_score": 100,
                "host_coverage_score": 20,
                "source_type_coverage_score": 25,
                "qualified_evidence_score": 0,
                "exact_match_documents": 0,
                "blocked_candidates": 0,
                "used_direct_fallback": true,
                "external_results_found": 0
            },
            "decision": {
                "state": "insufficient",
                "uncertainty": true,
                "candidate_support": 9,
                "candidate_contradiction": 0,
                "supports": {
                    "dangerous": false,
                    "scam": false,
                    "spam": false,
                    "nsfw": false,
                    "trusted": false
                },
                "evidence_quality": "low",
                "state_label": "Inconclusive",
                "state_reason": "Public search did not yield usable third-party matches, so the system fell back to first-party inspection only."
            },
            "signals": {
                "scores": {
                    "legit": 0,
                    "safe": 0,
                    "trusted": 0,
                    "caution": 9,
                    "scam": 0,
                    "dangerous": 0,
                    "spam": 34,
                    "nsfw": 0
                },
                "counts": {
                    "official_presence": 0,
                    "business_profiles": 0,
                    "positive_reviews": 0,
                    "negative_reviews": 0,
                    "scam_reports": 0,
                    "dangerous_reports": 0,
                    "spam_reports": 1,
                    "adult_reports": 0
                },
                "candidate_support": 9,
                "candidate_contradiction": 0,
                "highlights": [
                    "This source references spam or abuse behaviour.",
                    "External evidence remained inconclusive because diversity, exact matching, or confidence was still too weak."
                ]
            },
            "citations": [
                {
                    "url": "https://buttondown.email/",
                    "host": "buttondown.email",
                    "title": "buttondown.email",
                    "snippet": "This source references spam or abuse behaviour.",
                    "source_type": "official_site"
                }
            ],
            "debug": {
                "top_supporting_facts": [
                    {
                        "evidence_type": "spam_report",
                        "direction": "negative",
                        "bucket": "spam",
                        "strength": "medium",
                        "detail": "This source references spam or abuse behaviour.",
                        "source_host": "buttondown.email",
                        "source_title": "buttondown.email",
                        "source_url": "https://buttondown.email/",
                        "source_type": "official_site",
                        "source_trust": 55,
                        "entity_exactness": "exact_domain",
                        "entity_score": 100,
                        "freshness_ttl_days": 21,
                        "captured_at": "2026-03-18T21:14:54+00:00",
                        "effective_weight": 33.660000000000004
                    }
                ],
                "top_positive_facts": [],
                "ignored_candidates": [],
                "budget_ms": 3000,
                "search_budget_ms": 3000,
                "review_budget_ms": 1500,
                "search_mode": "post-processing",
                "query_cap": 12,
                "provider_cap": 2,
                "reason": "post-processing",
                "priority": 92
            },
            "last_good": {
                "checked_at": "2026-03-18T21:14:55+00:00",
                "summary": "External checks found some warning signals, but not enough qualified corroboration to let them dominate the verdict.",
                "decision": {
                    "state": "insufficient",
                    "uncertainty": true,
                    "candidate_support": 9,
                    "candidate_contradiction": 0,
                    "supports": {
                        "dangerous": false,
                        "scam": false,
                        "spam": false,
                        "nsfw": false,
                        "trusted": false
                    },
                    "evidence_quality": "low",
                    "state_label": "Inconclusive",
                    "state_reason": "Public search did not yield usable third-party matches, so the system fell back to first-party inspection only."
                },
                "signals": {
                    "scores": {
                        "legit": 0,
                        "safe": 0,
                        "trusted": 0,
                        "caution": 9,
                        "scam": 0,
                        "dangerous": 0,
                        "spam": 34,
                        "nsfw": 0
                    },
                    "counts": {
                        "official_presence": 0,
                        "business_profiles": 0,
                        "positive_reviews": 0,
                        "negative_reviews": 0,
                        "scam_reports": 0,
                        "dangerous_reports": 0,
                        "spam_reports": 1,
                        "adult_reports": 0
                    },
                    "candidate_support": 9,
                    "candidate_contradiction": 0,
                    "highlights": [
                        "This source references spam or abuse behaviour.",
                        "External evidence remained inconclusive because diversity, exact matching, or confidence was still too weak."
                    ]
                },
                "citations": [
                    {
                        "url": "https://buttondown.email/",
                        "host": "buttondown.email",
                        "title": "buttondown.email",
                        "snippet": "This source references spam or abuse behaviour.",
                        "source_type": "official_site"
                    }
                ]
            }
        },
        "external_decision": {
            "state": "insufficient",
            "uncertainty": true,
            "candidate_support": 9,
            "candidate_contradiction": 0,
            "supports": {
                "dangerous": false,
                "scam": false,
                "spam": false,
                "nsfw": false,
                "trusted": false
            },
            "evidence_quality": "low",
            "state_label": "Inconclusive",
            "state_reason": "Public search did not yield usable third-party matches, so the system fell back to first-party inspection only."
        },
        "signal_scores": [
            {
                "label": "Strongest tag heuristic",
                "value": "T · 88%",
                "tone": "good",
                "detail": "The highest raw tag match from the heuristic engine before visibility thresholds and manual overrides."
            },
            {
                "label": "Trust score",
                "value": "85/100",
                "tone": "good",
                "detail": "Confidence derived from authority, crawl quality, stability, and risk signals."
            },
            {
                "label": "Authority score",
                "value": "59/100",
                "tone": "caution",
                "detail": "A higher authority score usually means broader reputation and backlink confidence."
            },
            {
                "label": "Spam risk",
                "value": "0/100",
                "tone": "good",
                "detail": "Lower is better. This blends spam indicators with false-positive protections for legitimate sites."
            },
            {
                "label": "Quality score",
                "value": "93/100",
                "tone": "good",
                "detail": "Based on crawl quality, content completeness, and technical evidence."
            },
            {
                "label": "Safety score",
                "value": "100/100",
                "tone": "good",
                "detail": "Higher is safer. Direct fraud signals can heavily cap this even when SEO signals look strong."
            },
            {
                "label": "Fraud score",
                "value": "0/100",
                "tone": "good",
                "detail": "Lower is better. This reflects phishing, drainer, fake-support, fake-shop, and malware signals."
            },
            {
                "label": "Infrastructure risk",
                "value": "2/100",
                "tone": "good",
                "detail": "Lower is better. This reflects the IP, registrar, and nameserver neighbourhood seen by the crawler."
            },
            {
                "label": "Evidence confidence",
                "value": "57/100",
                "tone": "caution",
                "detail": "Higher means the crawler had enough pages and registry evidence to make a stronger call."
            },
            {
                "label": "External evidence",
                "value": "Low",
                "tone": "unknown",
                "detail": "Quality of the structured search and review evidence cluster."
            },
            {
                "label": "External decision",
                "value": "Inconclusive",
                "tone": "unknown",
                "detail": "How third-party evidence compares with the current candidate tag."
            },
            {
                "label": "NSFW score",
                "value": "0/100",
                "tone": "good",
                "detail": "Context-aware adult-content detection with medical / educational false-positive reduction."
            },
            {
                "label": "Registry stability",
                "value": "100/100",
                "tone": "good",
                "detail": "Based on age, expiry runway, and the amount of ownership / registrar churn."
            }
        ],
        "signal_sections": [
            {
                "title": "Registry & ownership",
                "items": [
                    {
                        "label": "Domain age",
                        "value": "9.1 years",
                        "tone": "good",
                        "detail": "Older domains generally carry more historical trust than very new ones."
                    },
                    {
                        "label": "Stability score",
                        "value": "100/100",
                        "tone": "good",
                        "detail": "Penalised by registrar, ownership, and nameserver churn."
                    },
                    {
                        "label": "Days to expiry",
                        "value": "335",
                        "tone": "good",
                        "detail": "Very short renewal windows can be a weak trust signal."
                    },
                    {
                        "label": "Registrar / ownership changes",
                        "value": "0 / 0",
                        "tone": "good",
                        "detail": "Frequent ownership churn can weaken trust."
                    },
                    {
                        "label": "Nameserver changes",
                        "value": "0",
                        "tone": "good",
                        "detail": "Repeated infrastructure changes can indicate instability."
                    },
                    {
                        "label": "DNSSEC / privacy",
                        "value": "DNSSEC off · privacy off",
                        "tone": "caution",
                        "detail": "DNSSEC strengthens DNS trust; privacy is neutral on its own."
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "title": "Reputation & search evidence",
                "items": [
                    {
                        "label": "Backlinks",
                        "value": "45",
                        "tone": "caution",
                        "detail": "Broader backlink evidence usually improves confidence."
                    },
                    {
                        "label": "Referring domains",
                        "value": "45",
                        "tone": "good",
                        "detail": "Unique linking domains are more useful than raw link volume."
                    },
                    {
                        "label": "Organic keywords",
                        "value": "110",
                        "tone": "caution",
                        "detail": "Search footprint helps distinguish real sites from thin shells."
                    },
                    {
                        "label": "Indexed pages",
                        "value": "42",
                        "tone": "caution",
                        "detail": "Larger index coverage usually means more evidence to classify from."
                    },
                    {
                        "label": "Brand strength",
                        "value": "95/100",
                        "tone": "good",
                        "detail": "Stronger brand signals reduce false positives for legitimate sites."
                    },
                    {
                        "label": "Risk label",
                        "value": "GOOD",
                        "tone": "unknown",
                        "detail": "This is the raw crawl / heuristic risk label feeding the tag model."
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "title": "Crawl, content & technicals",
                "items": [
                    {
                        "label": "HTTP status",
                        "value": "200",
                        "tone": "good",
                        "detail": "Healthy responses make classification more reliable."
                    },
                    {
                        "label": "HTTPS / speed",
                        "value": "HTTPS OK · 706 ms",
                        "tone": "good",
                        "detail": "Slow or broken technical signals weaken confidence."
                    },
                    {
                        "label": "Content words",
                        "value": "3,553",
                        "tone": "good",
                        "detail": "Thin pages are harder to trust and easier to manipulate."
                    },
                    {
                        "label": "Schema / structure",
                        "value": "4 schema · meta · H1",
                        "tone": "good",
                        "detail": "Structured markup and basic on-page hygiene improve quality confidence."
                    },
                    {
                        "label": "Links on page",
                        "value": "31 internal · 8 external",
                        "tone": "good",
                        "detail": "Link patterns help detect thin directories and promo pages."
                    },
                    {
                        "label": "Page speed / mobile",
                        "value": "82/100 · 98/100",
                        "tone": "good",
                        "detail": "Better technical quality generally reduces low-effort site patterns."
                    },
                    {
                        "label": "Crawl access",
                        "value": "Open",
                        "tone": "good",
                        "detail": "The crawler reached the site without an anti-bot challenge."
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "title": "External evidence & explainability",
                "items": [
                    {
                        "label": "Decision state",
                        "value": "Inconclusive",
                        "tone": "unknown",
                        "detail": "Public search did not yield usable third-party matches, so the system fell back to first-party inspection only."
                    },
                    {
                        "label": "Evidence quality",
                        "value": "Low",
                        "tone": "unknown",
                        "detail": "Blends source trust, domain matching, evidence diversity, and freshness."
                    },
                    {
                        "label": "Support vs contradiction",
                        "value": "9 / 0",
                        "tone": "good",
                        "detail": "Compares how much structured external evidence supports the candidate tag against evidence that contradicts it."
                    },
                    {
                        "label": "Qualified risk sources",
                        "value": "No",
                        "tone": "good",
                        "detail": "Risk tags only promote from external evidence when source diversity or source trust thresholds are met."
                    },
                    {
                        "label": "Uncertainty buffer",
                        "value": "Active",
                        "tone": "caution",
                        "detail": "Prevents thin or mixed external evidence from forcing a stronger tag than the evidence can justify."
                    }
                ]
            }
        ],
        "positives": [
            "Established domain age: 9.1 years.",
            "Low registrar / ownership churn with solid registry stability.",
            "Healthy crawl quality and on-page completeness.",
            "Structured data / schema markup detected."
        ],
        "risks": [
            "Search and review intelligence surfaced third-party results mentioning complaints, safety concerns, or abuse signals.",
            "External evidence was mixed or sparse, so the tag model keeps an uncertainty buffer instead of overcommitting."
        ]
    },
    "traffic_confidence": 74,
    "whois": {
        "current": {
            "id": 5719,
            "domain": "buttondown.email",
            "source_type": "rdap",
            "rdap_url": "https://rdap.identitydigital.services/rdap/domain/buttondown.email",
            "registrar_name": "Cloudflare, Inc",
            "registrar_handle": "1910",
            "registrant_name": "",
            "registrant_org": "",
            "registrant_country": "",
            "registrant_email": "",
            "abuse_email": "abuseteam@cloudflare.com",
            "created_date": "2017-05-01 18:55:05",
            "updated_date": "2026-02-10 10:59:58",
            "expires_date": "2027-05-01 18:55:05",
            "nameservers_json": "[\"apollo.ns.cloudflare.com\",\"ivy.ns.cloudflare.com\"]",
            "status_json": "[\"client transfer prohibited\"]",
            "dnssec": "unsigned",
            "privacy_protected": 0,
            "content_hash": "8163074d348518b1bd2609f5739a13b3a6de3c0e81e44bd1abdd55afa6c3d392",
            "history_count": 3,
            "last_checked_at": "2026-05-23 14:33:34",
            "last_changed_at": "2026-05-23 14:33:34",
            "created_at": "2026-03-16 23:47:17",
            "updated_at": "2026-05-23 14:33:34"
        },
        "history": [
            {
                "id": 94273,
                "domain": "buttondown.email",
                "source_type": "rdap",
                "registrar_name": "Cloudflare, Inc",
                "registrar_handle": "1910",
                "registrant_name": "",
                "registrant_org": "",
                "registrant_country": "",
                "registrant_email": "",
                "abuse_email": "abuseteam@cloudflare.com",
                "created_date": "2017-05-01 18:55:05",
                "updated_date": "2026-02-10 10:59:58",
                "expires_date": "2027-05-01 18:55:05",
                "nameservers_json": "[\"apollo.ns.cloudflare.com\",\"ivy.ns.cloudflare.com\"]",
                "status_json": "[\"client transfer prohibited\"]",
                "dnssec": "unsigned",
                "privacy_protected": 0,
                "content_hash": "8163074d348518b1bd2609f5739a13b3a6de3c0e81e44bd1abdd55afa6c3d392",
                "checked_at": "2026-05-23 14:33:34",
                "change_summary": "Periodic WHOIS snapshot refreshed with no major field changes.",
                "created_at": "2026-05-23 14:33:34"
            },
            {
                "id": 73520,
                "domain": "buttondown.email",
                "source_type": "rdap",
                "registrar_name": "Cloudflare, Inc",
                "registrar_handle": "1910",
                "registrant_name": "",
                "registrant_org": "",
                "registrant_country": "",
                "registrant_email": "",
                "abuse_email": "abuseteam@cloudflare.com",
                "created_date": "2017-05-01 18:55:05",
                "updated_date": "2026-02-10 10:59:58",
                "expires_date": "2027-05-01 18:55:05",
                "nameservers_json": "[\"apollo.ns.cloudflare.com\",\"ivy.ns.cloudflare.com\"]",
                "status_json": "[\"client transfer prohibited\"]",
                "dnssec": "unsigned",
                "privacy_protected": 0,
                "content_hash": "8163074d348518b1bd2609f5739a13b3a6de3c0e81e44bd1abdd55afa6c3d392",
                "checked_at": "2026-03-31 03:33:04",
                "change_summary": "Periodic WHOIS snapshot refreshed with no major field changes.",
                "created_at": "2026-03-31 03:33:04"
            },
            {
                "id": 6032,
                "domain": "buttondown.email",
                "source_type": "rdap",
                "registrar_name": "Cloudflare, Inc",
                "registrar_handle": "1910",
                "registrant_name": "",
                "registrant_org": "",
                "registrant_country": "",
                "registrant_email": "",
                "abuse_email": "",
                "created_date": "2017-05-01 18:55:05",
                "updated_date": "2026-02-10 10:59:58",
                "expires_date": "2027-05-01 18:55:05",
                "nameservers_json": "[\"apollo.ns.cloudflare.com\",\"ivy.ns.cloudflare.com\"]",
                "status_json": "[\"client transfer prohibited\"]",
                "dnssec": "unsigned",
                "privacy_protected": 0,
                "content_hash": "15b88c1a2a805b660f15e52fa2ed05551218835f37f7b9d71c9e5f0bb7bf451a",
                "checked_at": "2026-03-16 23:47:17",
                "change_summary": "Initial WHOIS snapshot captured.",
                "created_at": "2026-03-16 23:47:17"
            }
        ],
        "signals": {
            "age_years": 9.1,
            "days_to_expiry": 335,
            "days_since_last_registry_update": 110,
            "stability_score": 100,
            "registrar_changes": 0,
            "ownership_changes": 0,
            "nameserver_changes": 0,
            "status_changes": 0,
            "history_entries": 3,
            "privacy_protected": false,
            "dnssec_enabled": false,
            "has_registrant_country": false,
            "registrant_country": "",
            "nameserver_count": 2,
            "status_count": 1
        }
    },
    "discovered_domain": {
        "id": 68395,
        "domain": "buttondown.email",
        "first_seen_at": "2026-03-15 18:56:13",
        "last_crawled_at": "2026-05-25 02:16:09",
        "last_title": "Buttondown — Newsletter software for people like you",
        "last_http_status": 200,
        "discovered_from_domain": "11ty.dev",
        "depth": 0,
        "backlinks_count": 45,
        "rating_cache": 42,
        "spam_score": 0,
        "risk_label": "good",
        "category_name": "Business",
        "primary_country_code": "",
        "internal_links_count": 31,
        "external_links_count": 8,
        "social_profiles_count": 4,
        "content_word_count": 3553,
        "title_quality_score": 93,
        "has_meta_description": 1,
        "has_h1": 1,
        "language_code": "en",
        "response_time_ms": 706,
        "robots_status": 0,
        "sitemap_status": 0,
        "sitemap_total_urls": 0,
        "quality_score": 93,
        "site_name": "Buttondown",
        "canonical_domain": "",
        "favicon_present": 1,
        "schema_org_count": 4,
        "noindex_detected": 0,
        "feed_links_count": 0,
        "https_working": 1,
        "estimated_authority_score": 43,
        "trust_score": 89,
        "nsfw_score": 0,
        "overall_rank_estimate": 1183898,
        "primary_tag": "C",
        "tag_codes": "C,Uncertain",
        "manual_verified_status": "",
        "manual_tag_codes": "",
        "manual_rating_delta": 0,
        "manual_authority_delta": 0,
        "manual_trust_delta": 0,
        "manual_note": null,
        "manual_adjusted_by": null,
        "manual_adjusted_at": null,
        "manual_lock_scores": 0,
        "manual_lock_flags": 0,
        "crawl_blocked": 0,
        "crawl_blocked_by": "",
        "crawl_blocked_reason": null,
        "safety_score": 100,
        "fraud_score": 0,
        "legitimacy_score": 71,
        "infrastructure_risk_score": 2,
        "score_confidence": 56,
        "tag_confidence": 27,
        "category_confidence": 24,
        "deep_crawl_pages": 0,
        "resolved_ip": "75.101.184.39",
        "category_candidates_json": "[{\"category\":\"Business\",\"score\":22},{\"category\":\"Technology\",\"score\":17}]",
        "page_signals_json": "[]",
        "score_reasons_json": "[\"Category confidence was reduced, so the classifier fell back to the broader parent category.\",\"Trusted status now requires clean crawl access and stronger confidence, so this result was downgraded to caution.\",\"Overall rating is now capped by evidence confidence to prevent inflated scores from thin signals.\"]",
        "route_domain": "buttondown.email",
        "display_domain": "buttondown.email"
    },
    "explainability": {
        "summary": "buttondown.email currently scores 68/100. The score is being shaped by a mixed signal profile rather than one dominant factor. Evidence confidence is moderate, so the score should settle further after more crawl depth or registry checks. This is an estimated profile rather than a manually tracked one. Crawler access looks clean.",
        "badges": [
            {
                "label": "Profile",
                "value": "Estimated profile",
                "tone": "unknown",
                "detail": null
            },
            {
                "label": "Evidence confidence",
                "value": "Moderate confidence",
                "tone": "caution",
                "detail": "56/100"
            },
            {
                "label": "Traffic confidence",
                "value": "Solid confidence",
                "tone": "good",
                "detail": "74/100"
            },
            {
                "label": "Crawler access",
                "value": "Clean visibility",
                "tone": "good",
                "detail": null
            }
        ],
        "weighted_contributions": [
            {
                "label": "Quality system",
                "points": "+20.7",
                "tone": "caution",
                "detail": "Technical quality, crawl depth, page structure, and implementation hygiene. Current subsystem score: 61/100."
            },
            {
                "label": "Reputation system",
                "points": "+17.3",
                "tone": "caution",
                "detail": "Authority, search visibility, reach, engagement, and registry stability. Current subsystem score: 51/100."
            },
            {
                "label": "Safety system",
                "points": "+30.4",
                "tone": "good",
                "detail": "Fraud, spam, and trust signals from infrastructure, crawl, and registry evidence. Current subsystem score: 95/100."
            }
        ],
        "evidence_cards": [
            {
                "label": "Authority and trust",
                "value": "59/100 · trust 84/100",
                "tone": "good",
                "detail": "616 monthly visitors, 110 organic keywords, brand completeness 95/100, engagement 83/100."
            },
            {
                "label": "Backlink and search evidence",
                "value": "45 referring domains",
                "tone": "good",
                "detail": "45 backlinks across 45 referring domains. Diversity 100/100; spam penalty 0."
            },
            {
                "label": "Registry and domain stability",
                "value": "9.1 years old",
                "tone": "good",
                "detail": "Stability 100/100 · age 9.1 years · registrar Cloudflare, Inc · expires in 335 days."
            },
            {
                "label": "Safety and fraud posture",
                "value": "Safety 95/100 · fraud 0/100",
                "tone": "good",
                "detail": "Primary tag T · safety 95/100 · fraud 0/100."
            }
        ],
        "positives": [
            "Established domain age: 9.1 years.",
            "Low registrar / ownership churn with solid registry stability.",
            "Healthy crawl quality and on-page completeness.",
            "Structured data / schema markup detected.",
            "Registry history looks stable, which supports legitimacy and trust.",
            "The domain has been registered for years, which usually improves trust confidence."
        ],
        "risks": [
            "Search and review intelligence surfaced third-party results mentioning complaints, safety concerns, or abuse signals.",
            "External evidence was mixed or sparse, so the tag model keeps an uncertainty buffer instead of overcommitting."
        ],
        "freshness": [
            {
                "label": "Crawl evidence",
                "value": "2026-05-25 02:16:09",
                "tone": "caution",
                "detail": "Crawl and page content sample. Age: 6d ago."
            },
            {
                "label": "WHOIS snapshot",
                "value": "2026-05-23 14:33:34",
                "tone": "risk",
                "detail": "Registry profile and stability signals. Age: 7d ago."
            },
            {
                "label": "Keyword view",
                "value": "2026-05-31 12:17:56",
                "tone": "good",
                "detail": "Estimated visibility until tracked keyword snapshots exist. Age: 0s ago."
            },
            {
                "label": "Rank history",
                "value": "2026-05-31 12:17:56",
                "tone": "good",
                "detail": "Estimated trend derived from current profile and crawl signals. Age: 0s ago."
            },
            {
                "label": "Audience geography",
                "value": "Not captured yet",
                "tone": "unknown",
                "detail": "Audience mix is estimated from available signals rather than first-party audience logs."
            }
        ],
        "section_notes": {
            "audience": "Audience geography is estimated from category, country, traffic mix, and brand signals until first-party audience data is collected.",
            "keywords": "Top keywords are estimated from crawl language, brand, category, and visibility signals until tracked keyword snapshots are stored.",
            "history": "Rank history is estimated from the current profile because no stored history exists for this domain yet."
        },
        "base_weighted_score": 68,
        "fraud_clamp_penalty": 0,
        "final_score": 68
    },
    "insight_snapshot": {
        "version": 1,
        "generated_at": "2026-05-31T12:17:56+00:00",
        "domain": "buttondown.email",
        "display_name": "Buttondown",
        "is_tracked": false,
        "is_estimated": true,
        "overall_score": 68,
        "authority_score": 59,
        "trust_score": 84,
        "safety_score": 95,
        "fraud_score": 0,
        "confidence_score": 56,
        "traffic_confidence": 74,
        "last_crawled_at": "2026-05-25 02:16:09",
        "crawl_blocked": false,
        "summary": "buttondown.email currently scores 68/100. The score is being shaped by a mixed signal profile rather than one dominant factor. Evidence confidence is moderate, so the score should settle further after more crawl depth or registry checks. This is an estimated profile rather than a manually tracked one. Crawler access looks clean.",
        "badges": [
            {
                "label": "Profile",
                "value": "Estimated profile",
                "tone": "unknown",
                "detail": null
            },
            {
                "label": "Evidence confidence",
                "value": "Moderate confidence",
                "tone": "caution",
                "detail": "56/100"
            },
            {
                "label": "Traffic confidence",
                "value": "Solid confidence",
                "tone": "good",
                "detail": "74/100"
            },
            {
                "label": "Crawler access",
                "value": "Clean visibility",
                "tone": "good",
                "detail": null
            }
        ],
        "top_positive_signals": [
            "Established domain age: 9.1 years.",
            "Low registrar / ownership churn with solid registry stability.",
            "Healthy crawl quality and on-page completeness.",
            "Structured data / schema markup detected.",
            "Registry history looks stable, which supports legitimacy and trust."
        ],
        "top_risk_signals": [
            "Search and review intelligence surfaced third-party results mentioning complaints, safety concerns, or abuse signals.",
            "External evidence was mixed or sparse, so the tag model keeps an uncertainty buffer instead of overcommitting."
        ],
        "freshness": [
            {
                "label": "Crawl evidence",
                "value": "2026-05-25 02:16:09",
                "tone": "caution",
                "detail": "Crawl and page content sample. Age: 6d ago."
            },
            {
                "label": "WHOIS snapshot",
                "value": "2026-05-23 14:33:34",
                "tone": "risk",
                "detail": "Registry profile and stability signals. Age: 7d ago."
            },
            {
                "label": "Keyword view",
                "value": "2026-05-31 12:17:56",
                "tone": "good",
                "detail": "Estimated visibility until tracked keyword snapshots exist. Age: 0s ago."
            },
            {
                "label": "Rank history",
                "value": "2026-05-31 12:17:56",
                "tone": "good",
                "detail": "Estimated trend derived from current profile and crawl signals. Age: 0s ago."
            },
            {
                "label": "Audience geography",
                "value": "Not captured yet",
                "tone": "unknown",
                "detail": "Audience mix is estimated from available signals rather than first-party audience logs."
            }
        ],
        "top_tags": [
            {
                "code": "T",
                "label": "Trusted",
                "tone": "good"
            },
            {
                "code": "Uncertain",
                "label": "Uncertain",
                "tone": "unknown"
            }
        ]
    },
    "is_tracked": false,
    "is_estimated": true,
    "live_state": {
        "status": "processing",
        "status_label": "Cache build running",
        "message": "The refreshed page cache is still being built for this domain.",
        "updated_at": "2026-05-31T13:19:17+00:00"
    },
    "refresh_state": {
        "canRequest": false,
        "queued": true,
        "processing": true,
        "stageKey": "cache-queued",
        "stageLabel": "Cache build running",
        "cooldownUntil": null,
        "message": "The refreshed page cache is still being built for this domain.",
        "action": "/domain/buttondown.email/refresh",
        "isGuestCooldown": false,
        "cooldownSeconds": 0
    },
    "urlscan_report": {
        "domain": "buttondown.email",
        "status": "idle",
        "submitted_at": null,
        "completed_at": null,
        "last_checked_at": null,
        "last_error": "",
        "submitted_url": "https://buttondown.email/",
        "uuid": "",
        "result_url": "",
        "api_result_url": "",
        "visibility": "public",
        "summary": "No urlscan.io report has been requested for this domain yet.",
        "report": [],
        "report_summary": [],
        "is_fresh": false,
        "can_retry": true,
        "poll_after_seconds": 20
    }
}